Carbon neutrality has gained significant attention from academicians and practitioners. This study explores social media users’ perceptions of and impacts of carbon neutrality within organizations. We conducted sentiment analysis and theme extraction from the collected social media (X) data, followed by mapping themes to established constructs from the academic literature, facilitating the formulation of relevant hypotheses. Our findings reveal diverse perceptions of carbon neutrality, highlighting its potential uses in enhancing corporate sustainability, individual responsibility, government policies, technological innovation. Additionally, key impact factors, such as individual responsibility, corporate commitments, and government policies are identified as crucial, which influences organizational practices related to carbon neutrality. The results emphasize to a understanding of how organizations can leverage carbon neutrality as a strategic asset, aligning their operations with broader sustainability goals.