In the 21st century, digital transformation has emerged as a pivotal driver of innovation and intelligence, with blockchain technologies further enhancing this transformation in transportation, guided by national policies promoting high-quality development. However, China's transportation industry still grapples with uneven and insufficient development, necessitating a thorough exploration of digital transformation strategies. This research applies theories and methodologies of digital transformation to analyze issues within the transportation industry and proposes effective transformation strategies and safeguards. It aims to apply digital transformation theories to enhance the transportation industry, improve user satisfaction, drive smart transportation, boost China's transportation sector competitiveness, and promote high-quality development. Case studies, including digital supervision and intelligent prediction technology in train operations by Xi'an Railway Bureau, new transportation infrastructure driving digital transformation in Guangzhou, and intelligent road toll systems in Stockholm, Sweden, illustrate the practical applications and impacts of digital transformation. Challenges such as data privacy and security, technological complexity and integration, and user experience and societal acceptance are also discussed.