With the increasing global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, port coal storage facilities, as a key link in the coal supply chain, have a direct impact on the operational efficiency of the coal supply chain. The stability of their operation is of great significance to energy security. The innovation and sustainable development of coal storage facilities in ports are particularly important. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of different coal storage facilities, innovative technologies and management strategies for port coal storage facilities, as well as the current status of environmental sustainability, and explores the challenges faced at present. Through the case study and analysis of the innovation of coal storage facilities in Huanghua Port, this article proposes innovative management strategies and suggestions aimed at promoting the environmental sustainability of coal storage facilities in the port.