This study aims to develop a novel algorithm bias detection system using artificial intelligence (AI) technology to improve the fairness and accuracy of the algorithm. This article studies an efficient algorithm bias detection system by combining convolutional neural networks, support vector machines, and random forests, which helps machine learning algorithms effectively identify and solve potential bias problems. It analyzes past research shortcomings such as dataset bias, improper algorithm selection, and lack of innovative solutions. This article is committed to providing new ideas and methods for solving the problem of algorithm bias and promoting further improvement of algorithm fairness. The results of this article indicate that the highest accuracy of the algorithm bias detection system based on artificial intelligence reaches 96%. Through the efforts of this study, it is hoped to contribute to the development and application of algorithmic bias detection and actively explore and practice the construction of a more just and accurate artificial intelligence system.