China is the world's largest energy consumer and coal producer, and its annual energy consumption accounts for about 23% of the world's total energy consumption, reaching 5.41 billion tons of standard coal in 2022. China's coal production was 4.56 billion tons in 2022, accounting for 51.8% of the world's coal production, of which 82% came from underground mining, and 290 million tons of coal was imported. Figure 1.1 shows the changes of China's annual coal production and consumption from 2001 to 2022. In general, the main users of coal consumption in China are the power industry, accounting for 52%. Secondary users are the steel industry, chemical industry, civil and other industries, accounting for 17%, 7% and 11% respectively. Among them, the steel industry primarily uses coking coal, while other industries mainly use thermal coal. With the development of renewable energy industries such as wind and solar energy, the proportion of coal used for power generation is expected to decrease, however, the demand for coal in the chemical industry may increase.