Cardiocerebrovascular diseases, represented by ischemic heart disease and stroke, are the major causes of death in the world, and it is to be noted that most of these diseases originate from the underlying condition of atherosclerosis. In general, an outline of the true pathological picture of atherosclerosis on the whole depicts a chronic inflammatory process driven by the interactions between lipids, particularly modified LDL, macrophages/foam cells, T lymphocytes, and the components of the arterial wall. This inflammatory process manifests as fatty streaks in the arterial intima, which appear in the aorta during early childhood and in the coronary arteries during adolescence. Some of these fatty streaks at specific locations (the predilection sites of atheroma) progress over time into complex, raised atherosclerotic lesions known as atheroma. The major complications of atherosclerosis include ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, stroke, aneurysms, gangrene of the lower extremities, and embolism. Initially, the process remains asymptomatic, but some atheromas eventually become clinically manifest as symptomatic atherosclerosis, often in individuals over the age of 50, suddenly posing a threat to life.