Studies on transnational relations, practices, and contexts highlight the growing importance of interactions between people in different countries. These interactions involve negotiating cultural differences, communication, and social change in the contemporary world. In the Malay World—which includes Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore—discussions about the ‘Malay vs. English’ debate are central to contemporary sociolinguistic and identity studies due to national pride, persistence, and globalisation. This chapter discusses debates on language contact involving Malay and English in the transnational context of the Malay World. The discussion is based on academic experiences, fieldwork, and significant literature on Malay language and identity in the Malay World. This chapter focuses on three areas: (1) the concept of transnationalism in the Malay World; (2) current perspectives on ‘Malay vs. English’ language attitudes through a contemporary sociolinguistic lens; and (3) a reflective discourse and shifting paradigm of Malay linguistic research in the transnational Malay World. The chapter also sheds light on ongoing debates about Malay language, culture, and shared identity in relation to foreign influences such as English. It also explores research implications and prospects in the Malay World and contributions to the study of Malay linguistics and sociolinguistics in the context of globalisation.