In-situ resource utilization (ISRU) is the core of China’s International Lunar Research Station (ILRS). This paper explores the lunar transportation systems that are essential for ISRU. Firstly, shortcomings of current rover-based lunar platforms in mileage, speed and perception infrastructure are analyzed. Then, identifying key features of both lunar transportation routes and vehicles, basic requirements are sorted out, and an overall architecture is proposed. Key technical paths to applicable lunar transportation vehicles and roadside infrastructure are extracted, and three major aspects are further highlighted to pave the way for further design and development.