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Data from the World Bank indicates that in 2017, only 48.9% of the adult population aged 15 and above in Indonesia had bank accounts, which, despite significant growth, was still below the global average of 69%. At that time, 60% of Indonesia’s GDP was contributed by 60 million small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), most of which could not afford the installation and maintenance costs of transaction terminals such as POS and had to resort to cash transactions.

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Sustainable Fintech for Inclusive Development in the Digital Economy and Underbanked/Unbanked Social Groups: Doku, DANA, Akulaku PayLater, Kredivo, and Alipay+ Ecosystem in Indonesia

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Jin Sun

摘要

Data from the World Bank indicates that in 2017, only 48.9% of the adult population aged 15 and above in Indonesia had bank accounts, which, despite significant growth, was still below the global average of 69%. At that time, 60% of Indonesia’s GDP was contributed by 60 million small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), most of which could not afford the installation and maintenance costs of transaction terminals such as POS and had to resort to cash transactions.