This chapter discusses policy design for sustainable use of nitrogen and carbon from the perspective of consumer heterogeneity. First, briefly organizing the types of agricultural environmental policies, the author explains that recent policy options that encourage behavioral changes without using monetary incentives, such as disclosure of environmental impact through eco-labels and non-financial reports, and “nudges” based on theories and evidences of behavioral economics, have been attracting attention as informational methods. Second, the characteristics of informational methods are unraveled by introducing the authors’ own past empirical studies, and then the practical issues for the design and implementation of agricultural environmental policies are extracted. Third, introducing their latest international comparative survey unraveling the background of people's diverse values related to global environmental conservation, the author extracts hints for moving toward public consensus to implement the necessary policies for tackling the problem. Through these discussions, the author argues that empirical evidence on people's behavior and policy evaluations and examinations based on economic theory will be needed to accumulate on how to combine and properly utilize informational methods within the policy mix.