This chapter examines family welfare policies in Kuwait and Qatar from a comparative perspective. It scrutinizes the structure of the welfare state, the distribution and redistribution of resources through family welfare policies, the preservation of family structures, and the functions of welfare policies. It explores the different approaches and implementation of welfare policies in the two Gulf states. Kuwait’s system is characterized by constitutionally guaranteed universal benefits for citizens as a birthright, while Qatar employs a more discretionary, targeted approach that is more responsive to the evolving needs of its citizens. The study provides insight into how Islamic values, rapid modernization, and oil-based economies have shaped distinctive family welfare paradigms in these Gulf states.