Watershed management is a holistic and multifaceted approach towards management of water, land, and natural resources within specific geographical boundaries, with the objective of promoting environmental preservation and sustainable development. This chapter explores various facets of watershed management, including soil erosion, soil restoration principles, sustainable land management practices, and hydrological management for soil health. The significance of policy and governance with watershed management efforts is emphasized, particularly in view of the challenges caused by changing climate. Studies from diverse global contexts suggest practical applications and the outcomes of distinctive watershed management strategies. The chapter also identifies future research necessities, highlighting the importance of integrating climate change (CC) adaptation, advancing hydrological modeling, promoting sustainable land and water use, and enhancing community engagement. By addressing these aspects, there is critical need of managing watersheds to maintain ecosystem functioning, ensuring water security, and fostering socio-economic development.