Artificial intelligence (AI) improves decision-making and efficiency in several fields, revolutionising sustainable governance. Sustainable governance with AI reduces administrative processes, improves resource allocation, and enables data-driven decisions. This systematic review used valid sources from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, which were published in 2020–2024. Purposive sampling and content analysis were used in this qualitative investigation. According to recent studies, machine learning and natural language processing may help preserve government. AI detects trends, anticipates future events, and evaluates governance policies’ sustainability. Real-time environmental monitoring improves natural catastrophe response and mitigation. Unchecked natural resource consumption has increased the ecological footprint and produced unprecedented repercussions. Recent research shows that ICT and good green institutions prevent environmental damage. However, the impact of ICT and sustainable governance on the ecological footprint needs further study. Before implementing AI, data privacy, algorithmic bias, and ethics must be addressed. Sustainable AI governance must promote transparency, accountability, and inclusivity to build confidence and fairness. Globalised states can efficiently attain sustainable development goals and solve complicated problems by incorporating AI into their governance systems. Further questionnaires or interviews are recommended to understand respondents’ perceptions better.