This study is essential for flower production under diverse climates in the greenhouse microenvironment. This study brings detailed field observations and a thorough literature review to evaluate the potential of greenhouses supplemented with photovoltaic systems (PVSs) for improving energy sustainability. This paper presents the Mutated Leader Optimization Algorithm (MLA) to deal with microclimatic conditions better than traditional methods. Here, using the Punjab Agricultural University Greenhouse dataset, we highlight that MLA can be used to cater to sustainable agricultural practices efficiently. The results presented in this paper demonstrate the utility of a novel solar technology that, when integrated into advanced sunlight-enabled greenhouses, combined with photovoltaics for electrical production, as discussed above. Understanding and benchmarking performance provide an essential foundation to highlight areas where further development will be needed. Concurrent evaluation of indoor vertical farms and outdoor agriculture operations could accelerate optimization while minimizing costs associated with grower adoption profit margins, which are well understood. Compared to conventional greenhouse prototypes that optimize productivity, energy efficiency is improved through many simple design decisions developed over the past two decades. Our presented research supports these assertions as MLA increased the efficiency of energy consumption, crop yield and microclimatic conditions when compared to traditional greenhouse environment control and management infrastructure, hence having a positive feature that can be used in optimization strategies for sustainable agricultural practices.