A critical challenge in contemporary healthcare is the global shortage of high-level medical talent equipped to drive the rapid advancements in science and technology. To address this, well-defined, scientific, and objective evaluation methods are needed to identify and nurture promising individuals. This study systematically reviewed and compared Chinese high-level medical talent evaluation models with international physician-scientist assessment instruments to explore the applicability of existing evaluation models to the global healthcare system and make evidence-based recommendations for the improvement of the high-level medical talent pipeline. Nine Chinese models with twelve sub-scales and thirteen international instruments with twenty-three sub-scales were analyzed. While both systems emphasized Research, Clinical Ability, Team Science, and Teaching, key differences emerged. Notably, Chinese models focused on Basic Quality, while international instruments prioritized Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) & Ethics and Career & Personal Development. Variations were also observed in sub-scale numbers and weightings. These findings offer promising tools for a more integrated, global assessment of high-level medical talent, potentially shaping future healthcare talent development strategies. Further research is required to refine and validate these evaluation instruments.