This chapter presents the levels, trends and patterns of urbanisation in India since the beginning of the twentieth century. It is an empirical chapter with a focus on the measurement of urbanisation based on demographic data. Measures like the degree, tempo and scale of urbanisation are employed to study the level, trend and pattern of urbanisation. It also tries to present the contribution of different components of urban population growth, namely natural increase, net rural to urban migration and net rural to urban classification over the period to reflect the relationship between economic development and urbanisation. The chapter highlights the level of regional economic disparities in India and its association with urbanisation.