Qatar’s healthcare system has evolved significantly, integrating advanced technologies, well-designed infrastructure, and highly qualified staff. Qatar’s healthcare sector ranks among the best globally, with a rapidly growing population and substantial economic resources, primarily from oil and gas. Health public policy evolved in Qatar, starting with the founding of Al-Rumailah Hospital in 1957, the establishment of Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) in 1979, and Hamad bin Khalifa Medical City in 2003. After completing these significant milestones, health public policy was developed by launching strategies such as the National Health Strategy 2018–2022. Moreover, this chapter tackles implementation and evaluation mechanisms, including the Qatar Cancer Plan (2023–2026) evaluation system committed to improving healthcare services and public health outcomes. With the support of government laws such as Law No. 22 of 2021, policies and strategies successfully implemented comprehensive care, disease prevention, and health promotion. Meanwhile, Qatar’s health sector still experiences challenges, such as integrating traditional values with modern healthcare and addressing workforce shortages.