Introduction
摘要
The word ‘reliability’ is generally attributed to some concrete entity meant for ‘use’ or ‘deployment’. The entity can be a manufactured product or a service. It can be argued that ‘whatever is produced is a product’ and that ‘manufacture need not involve machines or engineering processes’. A product may imply a simple component or an assembly of several components or even a complex system of several assemblies. Similarly, a service may mean a simple installation or a minor repair, a thorough inspection or a major overhaul. However, to speak of reliability of any such entity, we leave out manufactured products which are used only as decorative items at home, in offices, or in public places which are not required to carry out any specified function(s). Such items are characterized by their esteem or prestige value, rather than any functional or use value.