Messenger RNA (mRNA) plays a pivotal role in the central dogma of molecular biology, serving as an intermediary between DNA and protein synthesis. Within cells, DNA encodes genetic information that is transcribed into mRNA. This mRNA then carries this genetic code from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it directs the synthesis of proteins through a process known as translation. mRNA molecules are thus essential in translating the genetic instructions stored in DNA into functional proteins that perform various vital functions within organisms. Initially, mRNA faced scepticism as a viable therapeutic due to concerns about its stability and challenges in scaling up production. Recent advancements in technology and a deeper understanding of biomolecular processes have largely dispelled these doubts. Current research is heavily focused on overcoming these initial obstacles. Consequently, mRNA is now increasingly recognized for its potential to revolutionize therapeutic strategies such as immunotherapy, regenerative medicine, vaccination, and gene editing. However, realizing the full therapeutic promise of mRNA hinges on improving its production efficiency, stability, and precise delivery to target cells. To address these critical issues, substantial research efforts are underway to explore innovative solutions. These efforts aim to enhance mRNA stability and refine delivery mechanisms, thereby maximizing its therapeutic efficacy.