Nanotechnology’s application in medicine, particularly in orthopaedics, has become a subject of significant research. It has transformative potential in orthopaedics, offering solutions to improve diagnostics, implants, and therapeutic interventions. This chapter presents a distinct and thorough examination of the current and future potential uses of nanotechnology across orthopaedic sub-specialties. One of the most promising aspects is the utilization of nanomaterials as scaffolds, which can enhance the integration between orthopaedic implants and natural bone. While nanotechnology has the potential to transform diagnostics and treatments in orthopaedic surgery, there remains a lack of understanding about its long-term health effects, necessitating further research into its clinical safety.