Humans detect temperature information in our thermal environments through thermoreceptors in the skin. The molecular structures in the skin that sense temperature have been identified as transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Thermal information detected by these TRP channels is transmitted to the brain and perceived. Cutaneous thermal thresholds and sensitivity are influenced by various factors, including the method used (e.g., Method of Limit vs. Method of Level), the type of heat applied (contact vs. radiant), the adaptation temperature, the rate of temperature change, the stimulated surface area, aging, thermal acclimatization (tropical vs. temperate climates), sex (male vs. female), body mass index, exposure to chemicals (e.g., menthol spray), skin type, initial skin temperature, measurement posture (supine vs. sitting), and the force applied during testing. Thermal sensations are conceptualized through language in the mind. Categorical descriptors of thermal sensations vary across languages. Specific terms in each language reflect linguistic thermal acclimatization, which can be explained by intersubjectivity. We have investigated the range of air temperatures that people perceive as hot or cold weather in their minds (the acceptable range of air temperatures). The acceptable range for hot weather is higher for individuals from tropical regions compared to those residing in colder areas. These issues are discussed in detail mostly with our published papers.