Na2SrMg(PO4)2:Eu3+ phosphors were prepared by high-temperature solid-state method, and the concentration of Eu3+ doping and co-doped Si4+ were systematically investigated. The effect on the luminescent properties of phosphors, and the application of the prepared phosphors to the visualization and imaging of latent fingermarks on various non-porous substrates and porous substrates. The experimental results show that the rare earth ion-doped phosphate-based phosphors have high luminescence brightness under the excitation of ultraviolet light, which can effectively reduce the interference of complex substrate backgrounds, and clearly develop the detailed characteristics of fingermarks ridges, aiding in the challenge of fingermark development on various substrates.