One important characteristic of cylinder liner piston rings compared to other friction pairs in internal combustion engines is their ability to withstand dynamic loads during operation. There are relatively few reports on the impact of dynamic loads on cylinder liner wear. In order to study the influence of working condition change on the wear of engine cylinder liners, the cylinder pressure curves under different working conditions were obtained by engine bench test, and the experimental parameters were designed according to the cylinder pressure characteristic curve. The dynamic load wear experiment was carried out on a multi-functional wear tester to analyze the wear characteristics of the cylinder liner and piston ring under dynamic load. The results indicate that the wear process of the cylinder liner piston ring under dynamic load will intensify, and the increase rate of wear under dynamic load will increase with the amplitude of load variation. In addition, according to the Archard wear model, the wear prediction model of the cylinder liner under dynamic load is derived, and the correlation coefficient is fitted and solved in combination with the experimental results. The research can provide data support and reference for engine cylinder liner wear prediction under variable working conditions.