This chapter explores how the Society 5.0 reference architecture can be applied to the development of smart cities, emphasizing a people-centric, integrated approach. Society 5.0 envisions a new model for urban design where advanced technologies and data-driven strategies converge to create cities that enhance quality of life, economic opportunities, and environmental sustainability. Building on the foundational elements of modularity, interconnectivity, and adaptability, this framework supports the creation of smart-city infrastructures that are resilient, efficient, and responsive to citizens’ needs. To fully realize this vision, three essential components are identified to complement the reference architecture: streamlined processes for efficient service delivery, interfaces that prioritize ease of use and accessibility, and organizational frameworks that foster collaboration across public and private sectors. In this context, these components serve as the foundational elements, which structure the methods and means for implementation. Subsequent chapters will discuss six specific key factors, further positioning them within the smart-city framework. By integrating these elements, Society 5.0’s architecture provides a comprehensive blueprint for transforming urban spaces to harmonize technological advancements with citizens’ daily lives, ultimately leading to sustainable and vibrant communities. This integrated approach not only improves the quality of urban living but also fosters innovation, resilience, and inclusivity, paving the way for future-ready cities.