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This study investigates ferrosilicon synthesis using coconut char and coke as carbon sources and hematite and EAF slag as iron oxide sources. Coconut char was prepared by coconut shell via pyrolysis process at 450 ℃ for 2 h in a muffle furnace. From the CHNS result, coconut char exhibits a high carbon content (81.5 wt%), making it an efficient material as reductant. The result corresponds with EDX (C: 92.48%) and XRD (2θ: 23.88° and 43.09°) while also showing a large surface area (215.72 m2/g) and porosity. The raw material was crushed to less than 63 µm, mixed, and underwent a reduction process for 1300 ℃ for 2 h. The results indicated coconut char was more effective in facilitating reduction processes than coke. The XRD study identified several phases that formed. At the same time, the SEM/EDX investigations verified the composition and structural properties where the grey metallic colour represents the existence of iron. Among the samples tested, the EAF Slag/Coconut Char/Silica sample achieved the highest reduction percentage (65.63%) which increased about 31.26% from the conventional materials (hematite and coke). The results emphasize that coconut char is sustainable carbon source and EAF slag is a feasible alternative to iron oxide that offers economic benefits through cost savings while also reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting environmental health.

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Synthesis of Ferrosilicon Using Sustainable Carbon Materials and Iron Oxide Sources

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Saw Wei Qi,
  • Anis Nadhirah Ismail,
  • Rita Mohd Said,
  • Siti Shuhadah Md Saleh,
  • Mohd Hakim Ibrahim

摘要

This study investigates ferrosilicon synthesis using coconut char and coke as carbon sources and hematite and EAF slag as iron oxide sources. Coconut char was prepared by coconut shell via pyrolysis process at 450 ℃ for 2 h in a muffle furnace. From the CHNS result, coconut char exhibits a high carbon content (81.5 wt%), making it an efficient material as reductant. The result corresponds with EDX (C: 92.48%) and XRD (2θ: 23.88° and 43.09°) while also showing a large surface area (215.72 m2/g) and porosity. The raw material was crushed to less than 63 µm, mixed, and underwent a reduction process for 1300 ℃ for 2 h. The results indicated coconut char was more effective in facilitating reduction processes than coke. The XRD study identified several phases that formed. At the same time, the SEM/EDX investigations verified the composition and structural properties where the grey metallic colour represents the existence of iron. Among the samples tested, the EAF Slag/Coconut Char/Silica sample achieved the highest reduction percentage (65.63%) which increased about 31.26% from the conventional materials (hematite and coke). The results emphasize that coconut char is sustainable carbon source and EAF slag is a feasible alternative to iron oxide that offers economic benefits through cost savings while also reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting environmental health.