With the development of information technology, big data technology and artificial intelligence have become important directions for informationization in the world today. Big data technology can help people better process, manage, and utilize massive amounts of data, while artificial intelligence can make computers more intelligent, achieving automated and intelligent processing and decision-making. Combining the two can achieve more powerful information processing and application capabilities, with broad application prospects. The application of artificial intelligence in virtual simulation technology has also played a crucial role. Artificial intelligence technology can simulate human intelligent behavior and provide more intelligent support for virtual simulation technology. Through artificial intelligence algorithms, virtual simulation can be more automated and intelligent for simulation and prediction, improving the efficiency and accuracy of virtual simulation. In addition, artificial intelligence can also help virtual simulation technology achieve autonomous learning and optimization, continuously improving its performance and functionality. Based on the above issues, this article explores a virtual gesture interaction perception simulation model based on CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) algorithm, extracts gesture datasets using artificial intelligence algorithms, and estimates gesture coordinates. The experimental results indicate that the sample sizes are 100, 200, and 300. The time for virtual gesture interaction perception based on CNN algorithm is 7.39ms, 10.87ms, and 14.67ms, which are 4.37ms, 5.61ms, and 7.07ms less than RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) algorithm, respectively.