In traditional agricultural production, data is stored in a decentralized manner, which cannot be shared, and there are risks of data privacy leakage and data security, which are not conducive to the development of smart agriculture. Therefore, this article designed a smart agriculture digital text model based on blockchain technology, which integrated various types of text, images, audio, and video data in agricultural production to form a unified agricultural digital text model. In the process of model design, the data sharing function was improved through the design of farmer identity verification and smart contract execution. The research results indicated that the smart agriculture digital text model based on blockchain technology designed in this article had advantages over traditional models in terms of data integration efficiency, data security, and data sharing ability. The average score of data sharing ability was 100 points, and the total score reached 91.2 points, which was at least 5.8 points higher than traditional models, improving the data sharing ability in agricultural production.