Hospitality Language in Hotel Services by Japanese Tourists Versus Australian Tourists
摘要
This research examines politeness among Japanese and English hotel staff in Bali. With the politeness theory from Brown and Levinson (Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge University Press, 1987), the conversation data were analyzed. The results show that hotel staff tend to use formal form toward Japanese guests. This finding examined English speech, where the majority of the population were Australian visitors. At the beginning of the meeting, both parties use formal form. After several days of meeting, guests use nonformal speech toward hotel staff, so that hotel staff also use nonformal speech. If viewed from the length of stay, the average Australian stays for 1 week to 1 month. In contrast to Japanese guests, the average stay is 3–4 nights. Repeater Japanese guests who have visited more than three times still use the formal form, while the guests from Australia, at the third meeting, had changed to an informal form. So it can be concluded that Japanese guests tend to show a negative face toward hotel staff, while guests from Australia show a positive face. It is necessary to pay attention to these character differences, so that staff do not choose the wrong strategy of politeness in speaking toward foreign tourists.