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Genome editing has evolved significantly, with early methods like zinc finger nucleases, homologous recombination, and TALENs revolutionizing molecular biology but facing challenges such as complexity, high error rates, and low efficiency. The advent of CRISPR/Cas technology, inspired by bacterial immune responses to viruses, represents a major breakthrough in the field. CRISPR/Cas offers precise, efficient targeting of specific DNA sequences with simpler design and broader applications. This system has been transformative in various organisms, including fungi, where it is used for gene knockout, gene insertion, and metabolic pathway engineering. Advances in fungal genetics have significantly improved natural product research by revealing hidden compounds and the processes that create them. With CRISPR/Cas technologies, scientists can now modify genes by adding, removing, or altering them, making it possible to manipulate gene clusters responsible for producing various compounds in a wide range of fungi. Most importantly, editing disease-specific genes or nutrient-responsive or certain metabolites necessary for plant growth can enhance the potential of fungi in agriculture. The simplicity, versatility, and efficiency of CRISPR/Cas make it a powerful tool for fungal genetics, enabling advancements in research, biotechnology, and industrial applications. This chapter explores the CRISPR/Cas system’s mechanisms and its key applications in fungal biology.

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CRISPR/Cas-Based Fungal Genome Engineering for Secondary Metabolite Production: Progress and Challenges

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Noyonika Kaul,
  • Poonam Ranga,
  • Sujata Yadav,
  • Priti Choudhary,
  • Annu Dahiya,
  • Deepti Rani Sehrawat,
  • Anita Mann

摘要

Genome editing has evolved significantly, with early methods like zinc finger nucleases, homologous recombination, and TALENs revolutionizing molecular biology but facing challenges such as complexity, high error rates, and low efficiency. The advent of CRISPR/Cas technology, inspired by bacterial immune responses to viruses, represents a major breakthrough in the field. CRISPR/Cas offers precise, efficient targeting of specific DNA sequences with simpler design and broader applications. This system has been transformative in various organisms, including fungi, where it is used for gene knockout, gene insertion, and metabolic pathway engineering. Advances in fungal genetics have significantly improved natural product research by revealing hidden compounds and the processes that create them. With CRISPR/Cas technologies, scientists can now modify genes by adding, removing, or altering them, making it possible to manipulate gene clusters responsible for producing various compounds in a wide range of fungi. Most importantly, editing disease-specific genes or nutrient-responsive or certain metabolites necessary for plant growth can enhance the potential of fungi in agriculture. The simplicity, versatility, and efficiency of CRISPR/Cas make it a powerful tool for fungal genetics, enabling advancements in research, biotechnology, and industrial applications. This chapter explores the CRISPR/Cas system’s mechanisms and its key applications in fungal biology.