Cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis (CMVAU) can be categorized as a distinct variant of herpetic anterior uveitis (AU) attributable to the common membership of cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in the Herpesviridae family. CMV is classified as a betaherpesvirus owing to its unique linear double-stranded DNA structure. The coexistence of three distinct manifestations of viral anterior uveitis has been extensively described in multiple studies [1–3]. However, a larger body of literature focuses exclusively on the clinical manifestations that differentiate CMVAU from those caused by HSV and VZV [4–13]. For instance, the incidence of secondary glaucoma in patients diagnosed with HSV anterior uveitis (HSV-AU), VZV anterior uveitis (VZV-AU), and CMV anterior uveitis (CMV-AU) was found to be 16%, 9%, and 72%, respectively [14]. Furthermore, the research indicated a significant increase in the presence of small keratic precipitates (KPs), coin-shaped KPs, and diffuse iris atrophy in patients with CMVAU compared to those with HSV-AU and VZV-AU [15].

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Approach to Diagnostic Testing

  • Yong Tao,
  • De-Kuang Hwang

摘要

Cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis (CMVAU) can be categorized as a distinct variant of herpetic anterior uveitis (AU) attributable to the common membership of cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in the Herpesviridae family. CMV is classified as a betaherpesvirus owing to its unique linear double-stranded DNA structure. The coexistence of three distinct manifestations of viral anterior uveitis has been extensively described in multiple studies [1–3]. However, a larger body of literature focuses exclusively on the clinical manifestations that differentiate CMVAU from those caused by HSV and VZV [4–13]. For instance, the incidence of secondary glaucoma in patients diagnosed with HSV anterior uveitis (HSV-AU), VZV anterior uveitis (VZV-AU), and CMV anterior uveitis (CMV-AU) was found to be 16%, 9%, and 72%, respectively [14]. Furthermore, the research indicated a significant increase in the presence of small keratic precipitates (KPs), coin-shaped KPs, and diffuse iris atrophy in patients with CMVAU compared to those with HSV-AU and VZV-AU [15].