Globalization and the ideologies that underpin it are experiencing unprecedented change, while geopolitical conflicts are exacerbating critical issues. This may necessitate a rethinking of globalization. Four major areas where these issues could be addressed include trade and the environment, trade and digital, economic security, and subsidization, especially in the context of US–China and EU–China relationsEU-China relations, through discussion by states and decision-makers on both sides.