Urban Metabolism and Adaptation Options for Climate Change
摘要
This chapter examines the sustainability of cities by exploring urban material metabolism and climate change adaptation. It emphasizes the importance of using urban structures to mitigate environmental impacts like greenhouse gas emissions and using the Japanese concept of “mottainai” (avoiding waste). We explore the dynamics of material stock and flow, particularly the accumulation of material stocks in industrialized nations and emerging economies. The analysis employs indicators such as material productivity, service utilization, and stock retention time to assess urban sustainability. Adaptive measures are necessary to address climate risks, including reinforcing building structures and managing material circulation.