Multiple challenges face agricultural systems, compromising their ability to provide food for the global population while preserving a sustainable and functioning environment. Agroforestry is a conventional land-use method that has the potential to address environmental issues in agricultural production. Agroforestry refers to the systematic integration of woody vegetation (such as trees or shrubs) with crops and/or animal systems in order to exploit the ecological and economic interactions that emerge. Recent research findings suggest that broader implementation of agroforestry principles and practices is a crucial approach for the global agri-food industry to attain more sustainable methods of food and fiber production. This approach not only provides economic advantages for farmers but also offers environmental benefits for society while also preserving agricultural land’s rhizosphere processes. However, plant roots, rhizosphere-dwelling microorganisms, and interactions between roots and microorganisms primarily shape the operations and mechanisms in the rhizosphere. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of the most recent developments in understanding the communication and interaction between agroforestry and the rhizosphere. Research demonstrates that these advancements significantly impact key aspects such as plant growth, rhizosphere maintenance, nutrient absorption, sustainability issues, and the augmentation of agricultural productivity. Enhanced improvement of these factors enables the implementation of agroforestry approaches that boost the total productivity of agricultural ecosystems.