Rubber being one of the most versatile materials, which is used for wide applications ranging from highly sophisticated spacecraft sealing to specialized rubber bands and erasers. Recently, the alluring idea of “sustainable” has been able to significantly permeate the field of elastomer science and technology, both in academia and industry. Nanofillers are utilized extensively in tires, technical components, and consumer goods where flexibility is a key need. Developments in rubber compounding with other materials required to attain the necessary qualities are required for incremental as well as radical advances. The interactions resulting in low interfacial tension at the polymer-particle interface, which is obtained through prior structural and chemical modification of particles and rubber, are what makes rubber compatible with reinforcing agents. Additionally, mechanochemical events that happen during the rubber compounding process might also help to reduce the interfacial tension between rubber and filler. Nanomaterials’ increased surface area and high aspect ratio contribute to better matrix/filler interaction and superior and adaptable characteristics in a variety of applications. In the creation of rubber composites, nanofillers such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), layered silicates, metal oxide, metallic nanoparticles, fullerenes, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS), nano-diamonds, and graphene oxide are now often used. This chapter provides a brief overview of recent advancements in nanofillers as well as associated rubber nanocomposites. The conclusion additionally addresses future prospects and potential uses of nanofillers in rubber & tire industries.