The food packaging industry is facing increasing pressure to reduce its environmental impact by adopting sustainable materials. Sustainable bioplastics and nanofillers have emerged as potential alternatives to traditional plastics due to their eco-friendly properties. This chapter discusses the sources, extraction, and preparation methods for renewable nanofillers, as well as the properties and advancements in this field. The use of sustainable bioplastics and nanofillers in food packaging provides numerous advantages, including improved barrier properties, reduced environmental footprint, and increased shelf life. However, it also presents some challenges, such as processing difficulties and limited scalability. The life cycle assessment of sustainable bioplastics and nanofillers is compared with traditional plastics, highlighting their environmental benefits and limitations. The potential benefits of using renewable nanofillers in bioplastics for food packaging are explained, including improved mechanical strength, barrier properties, and biodegradability. The future outlook for sustainable bioplastics and nanofillers in food packaging is promising, but further research is needed to address existing limitations and optimize their performance.