Peptide nanomaterials have shown extensive and promising applications in materials science, disease diagnosis and therapy, drug carrier, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, biomedicine, and other fields. In this chapter, we summarize the latest progress in the applications of peptide nanomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. To achieve this goal, the application of synthetic peptide nanomaterials in bone tissue, tendon, skin, eye, heart, and other tissue engineering and tissue regeneration is demonstrated, and the mechanism is briefly explained. It is believed that this work will help readers to understand the preparation method of peptide nanomaterials for tissue engineering and tissue regeneration, the effects, as well as the mechanism of tissue regeneration, which will provide inspiration for the subsequent design and synthesis of new peptide nanomaterials and arouse great interest in peptide nanotechnology and nano-chemistry, biomedical science, and clinical science.