In view of the problem of pipe channeling in the process of injecting CO2 into old Wells, the feasibility study of chemical plugging with special resin was carried out in the experiment. In order to optimize the performance of the special resin, three curing agents GH-1, GH-2 and GH-3 were selected in the experiment. The best curing agent and its best concentration were selected by curing time and curing strength, and the density, fluidity, injectivity and CO2 corrosion resistance of special resin with the best concentration and type of curing agent were tested experimentally. The results showed that the curing time of GH-3 was adjustable from 640 to 810 min and the compressive strength was adjustable from 109.7 to 137.91 MPa when the concentration of GH-3 was 6% to 13%. The concentration of GH-3 was reduced by about 18% compared with that of GH-1 under the same strength, and the strength was increased by about 31 MPa compared with that of GH-2 under the same concentration. Therefore, the GH-3 with the concentration of 10.5% is preferred as the strengthening resin curing agent. The initial viscosity of the strengthened resin system was about 900 mPa·s at 60 °C, and the viscosity increased to 12000 mPa·s after 270 min, showing a strongly feature of increasing viscosity. At the same time, the reinforced resin can effectively flow through the artificial fracture with the aperture of 1 mm or 2 mm without external pressure, the flow rate in 30 s can reach to 5 mL and 7 mL respectively. What’s more interesting is that the displacement of 0–30PV can effectively establish a differential pressure of 0.3 MPa, which verifies that the reinforced resin system has good injection and plugging performance. In addition, a 28-day gas–liquid two-phase corrosion experiment was carried out at 5 MPa CO2 and 60 °C. The result shows that the reinforced resin was no obvious corrosion traces or pressure drop after holding the pressure at 25 MPa. Meanwhile, the compressive strength of the reinforced resin after the gas–liquid two-phase corrosion increased by 43.52% and 59.83%, the elastic modulus was 34.82% and 22.63%, respectively, and the permeability maintained at 0. On the whole, the optimal resin system was resistant to CO2 corrosion and could meet the requirements of the pipe sealing in CO2 injecting well. This study optimizes the reinforced resin system used in plugging the CO2 pipe channeling, which has certain reference significance for the current research on CO2 flooding pipe channeling control technology at home and abroad.