This chapter discusses the contributions and future directions of research on positive body image. After reviewing previous research on body image, this chapter discusses how a breakthrough in the field of body image, namely, positive body image, occurred. The academic and social impacts of the concept of positive body image are also discussed. Additionally, this chapter describes the cultural differences found in positive body image studies, particularly the specific tendencies of the Japanese. Subsequently, the direction of future research on positive body image and issues related to its social applications are discussed.