This chapter examines positive emotions among Japanese individuals from both empirical and historical perspectives. In recent years, scholarly interest has grown in both culture-universal and culture- and language-specific positive emotions. Nevertheless, there remains a paucity of empirical studies that specifically investigate positive emotions expressed in the Japanese language. To address this gap, the present chapter draws upon the author’s original research, as well as classical Japanese texts, to explore the distinctive characteristics of positive emotions in Japanese cultural contexts. Positive emotions in Japanese are often characterized as complex emotional experiences involving low arousal and a blend of both positive and negative affect. A representative example is the simultaneous appreciation of a flower’s beauty and the sense of transience evoked as the flower begins to fall. Such emotional experiences reflect the Japanese worldview surrounding life and death, and are closely intertwined with traditional relationships with nature, including nature worship.