In elementary and junior high schools in Japan, classes teaching moral values have been included in the curriculum under the name of “moral education classes” since 1958, in a way that is different from other subjects. However, in recent years, in order to further promote the thoroughness and enrichment of moral education, the name was changed to “Morality, a Special Subject” (“Morality Period”). In addition, the reform of teaching materials used in classes is being promoted, such as introducing textbooks that have been approved by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. I will explain in detail the characteristics of moral education in elementary and junior high schools and the latest reform trends.