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Nowadays, activated carbons (ACs) derived from biomass waste are promising materials for various applications, particularly supercapacitors, due to their high surface area and porosity, low cost, natural abundance, power delivery performance, and electrochemical stability. In this work, ACs were synthesized from corncob waste through carbonization at 600°C followed by chemical activation using zinc chloride (ZnCl2) at 800°C in various ratios: 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4. The characterization results revealed that ACs exhibited an amorphous carbon phase without any impurities and had almost no chemical functional groups. The morphology of the ACs showed the development of a porous structure compared to raw corncob and non-activated samples. The specific surface area of ACs slightly increased from 417 to 450 m2g–1 with the increasing ZnCl2 content, mainly due to the development of micropores, with a smaller proportion of meso-macropores. The electrochemical properties of ACs were characterized using a three-electrode system in a 6 M KOH electrolyte via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD). The AC synthesized using a ratio of 1:4 showed the highest specific capacitance of 56 Fg–1 attributed to its highest specific surface area. Additionally, the capacitance retention remained at 92% after 5,000 cycles. This study provides valuable information on converting corncob waste into ACs as electrode materials in supercapacitor applications.

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Synthesis of Activated Carbons from Corncob Biomass Waste as Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Chanatip Sungprasit,
  • Kasidit Janbooranapinij,
  • Nonthapat Kosacarn,
  • Attanon Choomthi,
  • Gasidit Panomsuwan

摘要

Nowadays, activated carbons (ACs) derived from biomass waste are promising materials for various applications, particularly supercapacitors, due to their high surface area and porosity, low cost, natural abundance, power delivery performance, and electrochemical stability. In this work, ACs were synthesized from corncob waste through carbonization at 600°C followed by chemical activation using zinc chloride (ZnCl2) at 800°C in various ratios: 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4. The characterization results revealed that ACs exhibited an amorphous carbon phase without any impurities and had almost no chemical functional groups. The morphology of the ACs showed the development of a porous structure compared to raw corncob and non-activated samples. The specific surface area of ACs slightly increased from 417 to 450 m2g–1 with the increasing ZnCl2 content, mainly due to the development of micropores, with a smaller proportion of meso-macropores. The electrochemical properties of ACs were characterized using a three-electrode system in a 6 M KOH electrolyte via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD). The AC synthesized using a ratio of 1:4 showed the highest specific capacitance of 56 Fg–1 attributed to its highest specific surface area. Additionally, the capacitance retention remained at 92% after 5,000 cycles. This study provides valuable information on converting corncob waste into ACs as electrode materials in supercapacitor applications.