In order to improve the coverage quality of the photoelectric camera network and better obtain information on airport birds, a perception model for photoelectric cameras and a multi-layer coverage model for airport runways are constructed. The multi-layer coverage algorithm for airport optoelectronic equipment based on ASVF-IPSO was proposed to address the problem of three-dimensional directed deployment. The algorithm adjusts the position of the optoelectronic camera using VF algorithm and adjusts the direction of the optoelectronic camera using PSO algorithm, solving the problem of difficult optimization of position and angle simultaneously for three-dimensional directed deployment. At the same time, this algorithm addresses the problem of traditional VF algorithms and traditional PSO algorithms easily falling into local optima. It proposes adaptive step size optimization for traditional VF algorithms and adaptive inertia weight for traditional PSO algorithms, effectively improving the convergence speed and optimization ability of the algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm was verified through experiments.