The wave of the Arab Spring, as a symbol of protest against authoritarian regimes, which began in Tunisia, has had a profound impact on political upheavals and sectarian conflicts in several Middle Eastern countries, including Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, Syria, and others, with varying intensities of conflict. From the outset, the Arab Spring expanded its influence through slogans, methods, and framing of events as a people’s demand for regime change, that gradually overthrew a number of ruling regimes.

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Political Islam in the Authoritarian-Resilient Countries

  • Nostalgiawan Wahyudhi,
  • M. Hamdan Basyar,
  • Dhurorudin Mashad,
  • M. Fakhry Ghafur,
  • Defbry Margiansyah

摘要

The wave of the Arab Spring, as a symbol of protest against authoritarian regimes, which began in Tunisia, has had a profound impact on political upheavals and sectarian conflicts in several Middle Eastern countries, including Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, Syria, and others, with varying intensities of conflict. From the outset, the Arab Spring expanded its influence through slogans, methods, and framing of events as a people’s demand for regime change, that gradually overthrew a number of ruling regimes.