In electrified railway catenary systems, frictional vibration is a key factor affecting the quality of current collection by trains. This study investigates the impact of frictional vibration acceleration on the current collection quality of pantographs under different operating conditions through experiments conducted on a custom-made sliding electric contact test rig involving copper wires and gold-plated carbon sliding plates.Research has shown that the frictional vibration acceleration is minimally affected by the fluctuation frequency of the contact force. As the fluctuation amplitude of the contact pressure, current, and speed increase, the frictional vibration acceleration continuously rises, along with an increase in the relative stability coefficient of current collection and the offline rate. These findings are of significance in advancing the theory of sliding electric contact.