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Solar activities and high-altitude nuclear explosions induce geomagnetic disturbances that generate low-frequency geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in surface conductor systems, adversely affecting power transmission systems. With the complexity and expansion of China’s power grid, the impact of GIC on transformers and electronic equipment has significantly increased. Therefore, establishing accurate GIC calculation models is crucial for evaluating the stability of the power grid under strong geomagnetic disturbances. This study first analyzes the response of the GIC-Benchmark model under late-time High-altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP E3) conditions and proposes a geoelectric field calculation model based on a three-dimensional Earth conductivity model and finite element method to simulate induced electric field distributions during strong geomagnetic disturbances. The results demonstrate that during intense geomagnetic disturbances, the GIC response in power systems is influenced by both the direction of induced geoelectric fields and the topology of the power grid, with the angle between the geomagnetic disturbance direction and abrupt changes in Earth conductivity significantly impacting power system stability.

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Research on the Calculation Method of Geomagnetically Induced Currents in Power Systems Under Strong Geomagnetic Disturbance Environments

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Yuyang Zhao,
  • Yanan Wang,
  • Li Li,
  • Tongyu Liu,
  • Yihan Tian,
  • Yihuan Wang,
  • Weidong Ding,
  • Wei Meng,
  • Linglong Cai,
  • Zhiqin Ma

摘要

Solar activities and high-altitude nuclear explosions induce geomagnetic disturbances that generate low-frequency geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in surface conductor systems, adversely affecting power transmission systems. With the complexity and expansion of China’s power grid, the impact of GIC on transformers and electronic equipment has significantly increased. Therefore, establishing accurate GIC calculation models is crucial for evaluating the stability of the power grid under strong geomagnetic disturbances. This study first analyzes the response of the GIC-Benchmark model under late-time High-altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP E3) conditions and proposes a geoelectric field calculation model based on a three-dimensional Earth conductivity model and finite element method to simulate induced electric field distributions during strong geomagnetic disturbances. The results demonstrate that during intense geomagnetic disturbances, the GIC response in power systems is influenced by both the direction of induced geoelectric fields and the topology of the power grid, with the angle between the geomagnetic disturbance direction and abrupt changes in Earth conductivity significantly impacting power system stability.