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Expansive soil with various sustainable materials is a successful technique. This paper presents the possibilities of utilizing bottom ash and lime with clayey soil as a subgrade material and improving its geotechnical properties. The California bearing ratio (CBR) laboratory tests and cost analysis were carried out in various ratios and combinations of expansive soil, bottom ash, and lime. The design and performance analysis of flexible pavement using different material optimum combinations has been carried out through IITPave software. The results indicated that the CBR values dramatically increased and achieved desirable results for road construction. The soil, bottom ash, and lime (S:BA:L) combination in the ratio of 79:15:6 had the highest CBR value of 11.2%. The overall pavement thickness of the S:BA:L combination was found to be 40%, 38%, and 36% less than clay alone over a 10-year design life, corresponding to 400, 800, and 1200 cvpd, respectively. It was a significant cost reduction of close to 18% by using the S:BA:L combinations. These cost savings may be considered a desirable option for sustainable waste utilization in road construction.

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Sustainable Waste Utilization with Expansive Soil and Lime in Subgrade for Flexible Pavement Design

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Faiqa Farooq,
  • Murtaza Hasan

摘要

Expansive soil with various sustainable materials is a successful technique. This paper presents the possibilities of utilizing bottom ash and lime with clayey soil as a subgrade material and improving its geotechnical properties. The California bearing ratio (CBR) laboratory tests and cost analysis were carried out in various ratios and combinations of expansive soil, bottom ash, and lime. The design and performance analysis of flexible pavement using different material optimum combinations has been carried out through IITPave software. The results indicated that the CBR values dramatically increased and achieved desirable results for road construction. The soil, bottom ash, and lime (S:BA:L) combination in the ratio of 79:15:6 had the highest CBR value of 11.2%. The overall pavement thickness of the S:BA:L combination was found to be 40%, 38%, and 36% less than clay alone over a 10-year design life, corresponding to 400, 800, and 1200 cvpd, respectively. It was a significant cost reduction of close to 18% by using the S:BA:L combinations. These cost savings may be considered a desirable option for sustainable waste utilization in road construction.