The advancement of drug delivery systems in veterinary medicine, particularly the amalgamation of antimicrobial agents with nano-carriers, represents a burgeoning field. Nano-carriers, comprising liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and metallic nanoparticles, present a paradigm shift with merits including heightened drug stability, solubility, and targeted delivery. This review encompasses the multifaceted landscape of nano-carrier-based drug delivery in veterinary medicine, exploring their potential to augment antimicrobial drug safety and efficacy while mitigating side effects and enhancing bioavailability. Delving into nano-carrier types, such as liposomes, nanoparticles, micelles, and nanofibers, their diminutive scale proves advantageous for efficient drug encapsulation and traversing biological barriers. The benefits of nano-carrier-based drug delivery encompass amplified bioavailability, targeted drug delivery to specific tissues, sustained release, and minimized side effects. Noteworthy case studies spotlight liposomal formulations for targeted delivery of antimicrobial peptides, inhalable liposomal aerosols for respiratory infections, polymeric nanoparticles for sustained release in oral delivery, targeted nanoparticle delivery to joint tissues, micellar systems for intracellular infections, and nanofiber matrices in wound care. However, challenges persist, including understanding biodistribution, scalability, cost-effectiveness, and ensuring biocompatibility and safety. Customization for diverse veterinary species, integration of diagnostic technologies, and ongoing research are pivotal for translating nano-carrier technologies into practical veterinary applications.