Small disturbance stability is crucial for ensuring the reliability of ship emergency power supply systems, which face unique operational challenges due to specific environmental and load characteristics. This research examines the stability of such systems by analyzing various factors, including equipment type, load characteristics, and control strategies. By developing small signal models for key components (generators, rectifiers, inverters, and loads) and using state-space analysis, the study evaluates system performance under different conditions: load increase, step load increase, and overload. The findings confirm the system's ability to maintain stability and reliable power supply under small disturbances, providing essential insights for the design and operation of ship emergency power systems.