Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Cloud-Ground Flashes and Analysis of Multiple Lightning Strike Characteristics in More or Special Strong Thunderstorm Region
摘要
Shenzhen, China, is a thunderstorm-prone region, with an annual average of 68 days of thunderstorms, belonging to a mine-prone region. The western part of the area has the strongest thunderstorm activity, with the maximum number of days of thunderstorms amounting to 103 days, belonging to a strong thunderstorm region. Thundercloud discharge to the ground often exists multiple lightning strikes. When the electric field strength of a charge-intensive place in the thundercloud reaches the air breakdown field strength, it will produce a strong discharge phenomenon, and the formation of the pilot discharge channel, this channel is connected to the earth to produce charge neutralization process, there are tens of hundreds of kA of the lightning current, which is the main discharge of the lightning (also known as the strike back or first strike). When the first charge center completes the above discharge process, there may be a second, third or even more charge centers along the original discharge channel to start a new discharge process. That is the subsequent strikes (also known as the second strike, three strikes, etc.). For substations within the scope of multiple minefield or strong minefield, the protection of multiple lightning strikes is crucial, especially for 220 kV and the following substations, although lightning protection measures have been taken, but there are still loopholes and deficiencies, multiple lightning intrusion caused by circuit breaker breakthroughs, circuit breaker flashover of the outer ceramic sleeve, GIS equipment failures, surge arrester failures and even explosions, and so on, still continue to appear and increase, seriously jeopardize the personal, power grid, equipment safety. In order to prevent similar accidents from happening again, this article takes Shenzhen, China as an example to provide detailed information on the spatiotemporal distribution of ground flashes and the characteristics of multiple lightning strike time currents. The research results can provide technical support for the monitoring of multiple lightning strikes, accident countermeasures and specification development of substations.