With the growing demand for electricity, new power system technologies are developing rapidly. The development and implementation of new power system technology creates conditions for the high penetration of distributed energy into the grid and its coordinated control. As the energy storage battery occupies an important position in the new power system, this paper analyzes the charging characteristics of the energy storage battery and establishes the corresponding simulation model. According to the simulation results, the model established can manifest the electrochemical energy conversion sequences and dynamic behavior of a battery as an energy carrier throughout its recharging and depleting processes. Energy storage battery systems in new power systems have important application value. Research has found that it tend to enhance solidity improve the stability and reliability of electric power grid, improve the economy of system operation through appropriate energy regulation schemes, and significantly improve the overall performance of the power grid. This provides theoretical support and technical guidance for the application of energy reserve batteries within the electrical grid.